What is the function of the elevator on an aircraft?

The elevator on an aircraft is a critical control surface usually located on the tail. Its primary function is to control the pitch axis of the aircraft. By adjusting the position of the elevator, the pilot can alter the angle of the aircraft's nose relative to the horizon, enabling the aircraft to ascend or descend. When the elevator is deflected upward, it increases the angle of attack, causing the aircraft to climb. Conversely, when it is deflected downward, it reduces the angle of attack, allowing the aircraft to descend.

This capability in controlling the pitch is vital for maintaining desired altitude and maneuverability during flight, especially during climbs, descents, and turns. Understanding this function helps future pilots and crew members appreciate how different controls interact with the aircraft's dynamics.