What does “g-loading” refer to in aviation?

“G-loading” refers to the amount of gravitational force that is experienced by both the aircraft and its occupants during different phases of flight, especially during maneuvers like turns, climbs, and descents. G-forces are measured in multiples of the force of gravity, where 1g is equal to the force exerted by gravity at sea level. For instance, during a steep turn, an aircraft can generate a g-load that is greater than 1g, causing occupants to feel heavier than normal. Understanding g-loading is crucial for pilots and crew as it affects aircraft performance, structural integrity, as well as the physiological effects on the crew and passengers.

This concept is essential for safety, as significant g-loading can lead to a loss of consciousness in humans if the forces exceed certain thresholds, making it vital for aircrew to be aware of and manage these forces effectively during flight operations.